Ce mois ci CANADA

                     Canada

           Ce mois ci, les élèves de la 4eme7 vous emmènent au Canada. Ils vous font découvrir la ville de Calgary et les jeux Olympiques qui s'y sont déroulés en 1988, des personnalités telles que Crowfoot, le chef indien, le chanteur Michael Bublé, l'acteur William Shatner ou de la compagnie de cirque Inuit Artcirq.  Ils vous parlent du Parlement d'Ottawa, d'animaux typiques comme le Grizzly ou le Castor,  pour toujours terminer en gourmandise avec nos recettes, cette fois ils vous proposent une soupe au Cheddar et à la bière, un pain aux noisettes Algonquin et en dessert, une fondue au syrop d'érable, sans oublier de vous expliquer comment on récolte ce fameux sirop.

Bonne lecture.

Melle Kahel

CANADA - Famous City

Calgary

As the energy sector is responsible for the largest share of jobs in Calgary, the consequences of the recession of the 1980s are enormous. The unemployment rate soared. Towards the end of the decade, however, the economy is recovering . The city realizes that it can not depend on such a point on only the oil industry, and the city has diversified greatly since, economically and culturally. The period of recession marks the transition of Calgary from a medium-sized city grassland into a cosmopolitan and diverse city center. This transition was completed in February 1988 when the city hosted the XVth Winter Olympic Games, the success of these games announcing the entrance of the city on the world stage.

The economy in Calgary and Alberta is now booming and the region, which now has nearly 1.1 million people, is still experiencing growth among the fastest in the country. The gas and oil industry is the largest part of the economy, but the city has also invested a lot in other areas. Tourism is an economic activity that has the fastest expansion in the city. More than 4.5 million people a year visit the city, attracted by Lake Lousi located close to the Rocky Mountains, creating economic benefits for Calgary. Other areas of importance include light manufacturing, high-tech, film industry, transportation and services.

Oceane & Theo 

CANADA - Famous place

The Parliament of Ottawa

The construction of the current Canadian Parliament Buildings, seat of government, began on December 20^th 1861 by the British colony on Barrack's Hill, which later became Parliament Hill. The parliament in Ottawa is the oldest of the supreme authority in the federal state of Canada and therefore supersedes all federal agencies.

The parliament consists of a head represented by the British monarch (in reality the government and the prime minister) the Senate (representing the provinces and territories) and the House of Commons (representing the people). In the absence of the British monarch, she is represented by the Governor General, who appoints the 105 members in the opinion of the Privy Council of the Queen and the 308 sworn deputies of the House of Commons after the election by a vote by districts. The Canadian Prime Minister, Stephen Harper was sworn in on February 6^th 2006. He is the 22nd Prime Minister of the Confederacy, his Conservative party winning 125 of the 308 seats in the 2006 federal election. He was reappointed to this position in a minority government after elections in 2008. He got a majority government in the elections of May 2^nd , 2011.

Dylan & Clement.

CANADA - Famous People

Crowfoot

Chief Crowfoot was named Isapo-Muxika and was born in 1830 amid the Kainai nation. He was appointed Astohkomi at birth. When he was only 5 years old, his father was killed by Ravens. His mother remarried to a man of the Siksika Nation, and was renamed Kyi-i-staah and later received the name of his father.

After proving his value in battle and especially during an attack against the Ravens when he struck a tipi, he finally received his adult name, Isapo-Muxika, which had been worn by one of his ancestors, he continued to be respected and participated in 19 fights and was wounded six times before the age of 20 years old, including a gunshot wound and the bullet was never removed. He is also known to have killed a grizzly with a spear.

Once adult, Isapo-Muxika forsook the war to engage in breeding horses. In 1865, after the death of the leader of his tribe, No-okskatos, he became a minor chief in the tribe and headed a band of about twenty huts. His band was originally known as the Big Pipes, but was renamed Moccasins. Isapo-Muxica forged himself a good reputation among white and half cast people up to provide them with assistance and convince the rest of his tribe not to attack convoys.

An outbreak of smallpox in 1869 and 1870 was due to several Blackfoot chiefs and Isapo-Muxika thus became one of the three main leaders. His son was killed in a raid against the Crees. In 1872, there were only two leaders left: Natosapi and him . He launched a major offensive attack against the Crees in which a Cree warrior was killed. This is the last achievement of Isapo-Muxika who made peace with the Crees thereafter. Moreover, he met a Cree , Pitikwahanapiwiyin who looked like his son and he decided to adopt it and gave him the name Makoyi-koh-kin. He later became chief of his nation.

In 1873, during negotiations for the signing of Treaty 7 between the Crown and several indigenous nations including the Blackfeet, Isapo-Muxika was seen as an ally and played an important role. However, once his tribe was placed in a reserve, it discouraged them to rise against the Canadian government, but it still prevented him from taking part in the Northwest Rebellion in 1885, seeing that the battle was already lost.

Isapo Muxika died on April 25^th, 1890 near Blackfoot Crossing, in Alberta, from a disease he had suffered for the last ten years of his life.

Mélanie

CANADA - Music

MICHAEL BUBLE

Michael Bublé, who was born on the 9^th of September 1975 in Burnaby, British Columbia, is an Italian-born Canadian pop, soul and especially jazz singer, but also an actor. With his 2003 album Michael Bublé reached the top 10 in Canada, the United Kingdom and Australia. In 2004, a live album and video called Come Fly with Me (2004) enrolled in the Billboard Music Video and reached the top 40 selling albums in Australia. He obtained a commercial success in the U.S. with It's Time.

On his website, he stressed the importance of his grandfather in his musical tastes. "My grandfather was really my best friend. It was he who introduced me to the world of Jazz music that seems to have disappeared during my generation. Although I like rock and roll and modern music. The first time my grandfather played me the Mills Brothers, something magical happened. The lyrics were so romantic, so real ... as if the song was made for me. It was like seeing my future as a flash. I wanted to be a singer and I knew that this was the music I wanted to sing. "

He recorded three independent albums, one as a gift to his grandfather. Michael Bublé has won two Genie Award nominations in 2000 for two songs he had written for the film Here's to Life.

Michael Bublé's career began to break through after a meeting with an associate of former Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney, Michael McSweeney. McSweeney had enjoyed a performance of Michael Bublé who then presented a new album. McSweeney, in turn, gave the album to Mulroney and his wife. Thus Bublé was invited to sing at the wedding of the couple's daughter, Caroline Mulroney in 2000, where he sang Mack the Knife by Kurt Weill. At the ceremony, Brian Mulroney introduced Bublé to David Foster, a producer and member of the executive of Warner Brothers who'd worked with Josh Groban. Foster and Bublé concluded to an agreement with the label '143 'for the production of the self-titled album Michael Bublé in 2000. The album contains a variety of songs, including Fever, The Way You Look Tonight, For Once In My Life, Moondance and You'll Never Find other Love Like Mine.

Michael Bublé received the award for "New Artist of the Year" at the Juno Awards in 2004, when his self-titled album was named "Album of the Year" but it was eventually won by Sam Roberts.
Michael Bublé released a Christmas EP entitled Let It Snow! at the end of 2003. The title track of the album reached the top 40 singles in Australia, ironically in the middle of summer in this country. He released a live album and a DVD, in April 2004, reaching the top 10 of the Billboard video charts. The album also reached the top 50 of the Australian charts at the end of April and the Billboard 200 album charts. Let It Snow! was rescanned in the United States on October 9^th , 2007.
On September 20^th , 2011, the crooner Tony Bennett's Duets II, an album of duets with title Do not Get Around Much Anymore was co-interpreted with Michael Bublé.

Enzo PISTAT Quentin BIET

CANADA - Cinema

William Shatner

William Shatner is an actor born in Quebec and famous for his role of Captain James T. Kirk in the Star Trek television series. He was born on the 22^nd of March 1931 in Montreal.
William Shatner was born in Côte Saint-Luc. He is the son of Anne (née Garmaise) and Joseph Shatner, a clothing designer. He did not limit himself to the movies, he was also a singer He released several albums, for example in 2004. He joined Sony in 1968 and The Transformed Man was released by Universal. He is also a writer, he has written several books in the Star Trek series, which were published in French in the black River editions.

William Shatner was a WWE host and he won the Slammy Award for Guest Host of the Year on the 1^st of February 2010 and since September 2010 he has been the star of the series My Dad Says on CBS. He appeared in Miss Congeniality in 2005. He has also been the eccentric Denny Crane in Boston Justice since 2004 and the voice in Over the Egde, an animated film. He won two Emmy Awards and a Golden Globe for his role in Boston Justice. He also was a star in a show called Hooker, which tells the exploits of a cop (TJ Hooker) and his associate Romano. Together they stop criminals and drug dealers but he is also responsible for the training of future police officers.

He is currently dating, although he had three wives in the past.

He realized: Kung-Fu, The Legend Continues in 1993 and also in 1994 and in 1996 TekWar, Forbidden Experiments .

He was the writer of Groom Lake in 2002 and Fire Snake in 2007.

On television he acted in 1960 Julius Caesar and Mark Antony.

ERTON & MURAT

CANADA - Animals

The Grizzly


The grizzly is a subspecies of brown bear . The size of a male is about 1,05 to 1,30 meter high at the shoulder and measures about 2 meters to 2,50 meters long. Its weight can vary from 190 to 350 kilograms for a male and a female between 125 and 200 kilograms. The grizzly accumulates 200 kg of fat to spend the winter in a lethargic state, however, is not true hibernation.

Its front legs and shoulders are particularly massive and powerful and allow to dig and run very quickly despite its weight and size, the grizzly is capable of achieving more than 66 kilometres an hour. Its coat has a gradient blond , brown and black shade or a mixture of the three.

The grizzly was initially present in Asia, Africa, Europe and North America . It prefers semi open land, usually in mountainous regions. In Canada, it is found in British Columbia
Castor canadensis

Origin : The Contemporary American Beaver looks like its Eurasian Beaver ancestor that would have colonized North America. Today there are 24 North American subspecies of castor canadensis improperly named as a relict population that still lives in Mexico .
Description : His massive body ends with a flat tail that is covered with tough scales and rough hairs. The tail of a large beaver measures up to 30 cm in length and is up to 18 cm wide and 4 cm thick. A Canadian Beaver measuring 1 to 1.2 m, it is the second largest American rodent after the capybara ( found in South America ). Incisors teeth are long, strong and sharp and grow continually and are cured by a dark orange enamel layer covering the outer side. Thus, as the animal rubs against its upper incisors its lower incisors, the outer end of the teeth of the blade retains a new chisel .
Behavior: The Canadian beaver is a semi-aquatic/terrestrial rodent, who lives near lakes, ponds and freshwater streams . It does not hibernate , but accumulates reserves near its hut and sleeps longer in winter.

REMY & MARINE