INDIA
Bonne lecture.Melle Kahel
mardi 24 juin 2014
Bonne lecture.Melle Kahel
INDIA - City
New
Delhi
History
History
The durbar
of Delhi in 1911.
Rashtrapati Bhavan and nearby buildings, illuminated for the Republic Day.
Delhi has been the capital of several Indian empires, including the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire (from 1649-1857). In the early 1900s, the proposal was made to transfer the administration of British India from Calcutta, considered too eccentric, Delhi to the most central position would make the administration of the empire easier.
On December 12th, 1911, during the Delhi Durbar, George V announced the transfer of the capital of the Empire and laid the first stone of the residence of the Viceroy at Coronation Park.
The new capital was officially opened on February 13, 1931 by the Viceroy Lord Irwin.
After the independence of India in 1947, New Delhi receives a limited autonomy and is administered by a Chief Commissioner appointed by the central government. In 1956, it is integrated into the new territory of Delhi and the Chief Commissioner was replaced by a Lieutenant Governor.
Architecture
North
Block Secretariat.
As the plan of the city, the architecture of New Delhi was chosen to symbolize the British power, which influenced the consideration and application of symbologies and influences of Indian architecture. The new city was designed by British architects Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker.
The architecture of New Delhi and is a mixture of British and native styles, as exemplified by the use of sandstone beige and pink for the many official buildings and the construction of Mughal gardens inspiration. Jack Cardiff, the new town had to be "neither Saracen nor British but decidedly Indian, holding the grounds of the old town, but the dignifying of a new austerity. "
Town planning
With an area of 42.7 km2, New Delhi forms a small part of the Delhi metropolitan area.
Demographics and Culture
New Delhi has 248, 998 inhabitants, but an integral part of the territory of Delhi, with 16.3 million inhabitants, is the second largest city in India after Mumbai.
Hindi and Punjabi are the main languages spoken in New Delhi.
Hinduism is the religion of 83.8% of the population of New Delhi. There are also 6.3% Muslim, 5.4% Sikh, Jain 1.1% and 0.9% Christian.
The status of capital city for national holidays (Republic Day, Independence Day, Gandhi Jayanti) is particularly important. On August 15th, on Independence Day, people have the habit of flying kites, which are considered a symbol of freedom. On January 26th for Republic Day, a military parade takes place on Rajpath.
Annually is held the music festival Qutb, the international festival of mango and many religious celebrations.
Policy and Administration
As the plan of the city, the architecture of New Delhi was chosen to symbolize the British power, which influenced the consideration and application of symbologies and influences of Indian architecture. The new city was designed by British architects Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker.
The architecture of New Delhi and is a mixture of British and native styles, as exemplified by the use of sandstone beige and pink for the many official buildings and the construction of Mughal gardens inspiration. Jack Cardiff, the new town had to be "neither Saracen nor British but decidedly Indian, holding the grounds of the old town, but the dignifying of a new austerity. "
Town planning
With an area of 42.7 km2, New Delhi forms a small part of the Delhi metropolitan area.
Demographics and Culture
New Delhi has 248, 998 inhabitants, but an integral part of the territory of Delhi, with 16.3 million inhabitants, is the second largest city in India after Mumbai.
Hindi and Punjabi are the main languages spoken in New Delhi.
Hinduism is the religion of 83.8% of the population of New Delhi. There are also 6.3% Muslim, 5.4% Sikh, Jain 1.1% and 0.9% Christian.
The status of capital city for national holidays (Republic Day, Independence Day, Gandhi Jayanti) is particularly important. On August 15th, on Independence Day, people have the habit of flying kites, which are considered a symbol of freedom. On January 26th for Republic Day, a military parade takes place on Rajpath.
Annually is held the music festival Qutb, the international festival of mango and many religious celebrations.
Policy and Administration
New Delhi is one of the five municipalities of the National Capital Territory of Delhi, which it is the capital.
It is administered by the Municipal Council of Delhi (New Delhi Municipal Council or NDMC), which includes a chairperson, three members appointed by the Legislative Assembly of Delhi, two members nominated by the Chief Minister of Delhi and five members appointed by Indian central government.
Amaury &
Adrien
INDIA - Cinema
Bollywood
History
Bollywood is the name given to the Indian film industry based in Mumbai, formerly Bombay, whose movies are made in Hindi. Bollywood is a word combining Bombay and Hollywood. It does not designate a specific place but rather a genre characterized by the length of films, usually two to three hours, and the presence of several song and dance sequences. Bollywood is the most popular component of Indian cinema itself the world's largest number of films produced. Its films aired in most of India, exporting worldwide.
Bollywood is the name given to the Indian film industry based in Mumbai, formerly Bombay, whose movies are made in Hindi. Bollywood is a word combining Bombay and Hollywood. It does not designate a specific place but rather a genre characterized by the length of films, usually two to three hours, and the presence of several song and dance sequences. Bollywood is the most popular component of Indian cinema itself the world's largest number of films produced. Its films aired in most of India, exporting worldwide.
The first Indian film was a silent film from 1913 (Raja Harishchandra) which was inspired by the mythological Mahabharata Film about the life of King Harishchandra. This noble and righteous king sacrificed first his kingdom and his wife and children to honor his promise to Sage Vishwamitra. In the end, the gods met by his high moral value, make it to its former glory.
The
year 2000 is the globalization of Bollywood that acquires the status
of an international industry adopting Western technical standards.
Large production houses like Yash Raj Films and Dharma Productions
were out to conquer the world market with Lagaan, Devdas, Kabhi
Khushi Kabhie Gham, Koi Mil Gaya ... Karl Ho Naa Ho, Veer Zaara, Rang
De Basanti, Lage Raho Munnabhai, Krrish, Dhoom 2, Om Shanti Om with a
new generation of actors like Hrithik Roshan and Abhishek Bachchan
and actresses like Aishwarya Rai, Preity Zinta, Rani Mukherjee,
Kareena Kapoor and Priyanka Chopra, and then from 2003 Shanghai
Kapoor, Abhay Deol in Socha Na Tha 2005, Ranbir Kapoor in 2007 with
Saawariya, Neil Nitin Mukesh Johnny Gaddar in 2007 and most recently
in 2008 revealed Imran Khan with Jaane Tu Ya Jaane Na .... Among the
new actresses Katrina Kaif in Maine Pyaar Kyun 2005 Kiya, Sonam
Kapoor in 2007 with Saawariya, Deepika Padukone in 2007 with Om
Shanti Om and recently Anushka Sharma in Rab Ne Bana 2008 Di Jodi.
Murat
& Erton
INDIA - Sport & Art
Mallakhamb
Mallakhamb
(malla = man of strength, gymnast and khamb = pole) is a traditional
Indian gymnastics activity. It is to perform movements of balance,
flexibility and strength in a vertical wooden pole, with or without
the aid of ropes.
The first reference to mallakhamba is recorded in the conventional Manasollasa of Somesvara Châlukya (AD 1135). Mallakhamba originally was used as a support exercise for wrestlers. Well known to have been practiced in medieval Maharashtra and Hyderabad, this sport did not become visible in practice and well recorded until the 18th century when it was revived by Balambhatdada Deodhar, the fitness instructor Peshwa Baji Rao II of the reign of Peshwas. His student Balambhattdada Deodhar realized that only large handles can be developed with a cane pole and therefore used instead. Thereafter, the unavailability of cane yielded mallakhamba rope. Today it is used more as a performance art rather than a method of training.
Nearly 25 to 30 types of Mallakhamba device have been tried and tested over the years. 16 different types are present, but for the sport, only six types are used. Mallakhamba is present in the Hind Kesari, Indian wrestling championship. There are three main changes.
In this performance, a vertical wooden pole is fixed in the ground and the participant performs various acrobatic feats and poses while hanging on the pole. Wrestlers mount, dismount and use the center for various complex shapes to develop their grip, endurance and strength in the arms, legs and upper body.
There are a number of pillars, but the most common is an autonomous right pole, about eight to ten inches in diameter, planted in the ground. The pole used in competitions is a teak or rosewood pole, standing 2.6 meters (8.5 ft) high with a circumference of 55 centimeters (22 inches) at the base. It gradually decreases to a circumference of 35 centimeters (14 inches) on top.
Clément &
Dylan
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